Mangwanani emusi wa13 Ndira 2021, muenzaniso wekutanga pasi rose wekugadzira maglev superconducting high-temperature uye test line uchishandisa tekinoroji yekutanga yeSouthwest Jiaotong University wakatangwa zviri pamutemo muChengdu, Sichuan Province, China. Izvi zvinoratidza budiriro kubva pakutanga mukutsvaga kweprojekti ye high-temperature superconducting high-speed maglev muChina uye nyika yedu ine mamiriro ekuyedza uye kuratidza mainjiniya.
Nyaya Yekutanga Munyika; Gadzira Muenzaniso
Kuiswa kwemutsetse wekuyedza tekinoroji ye superconducting magnetic levitation technology unoshanda panguva yekupisa kwakanyanya ndiko kwekutanga pasi rose. Inomiririra kugadzirwa kwehunyanzvi muChina uye yakagadzira muenzaniso mumunda we superconductivity yekupisa kwakanyanya.
Tekinoroji yechitima chemaglev chinoshandisa kupisa kwakanyanya ine zvakanakira zvekusava nekugadzikana kwenzvimbo, chimiro chiri nyore, kuchengetedza simba, kusasvibiswa kwemakemikari neruzha, kuchengetedzeka nekunyaradzwa, uye mutengo wakaderera wekushanda. Imhando itsva yakanaka yekufambisa njanji, yakakodzera nzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana dzekumhanya, kunyanya yakakodzera kushanda kwemitsara inomhanya zvakanyanya uye inomhanya zvakanyanya; Iyi tekinoroji tekinoroji yechitima chemaglev chinoshandisa kupisa kwakanyanya ine hunhu hwekuzvimisa, kuzvitungamira, uye kuzvigadzirisa. Inzira itsva yekufambisa njanji inotarisana nekuvandudzwa mune ramangwana uye mikana yakawanda yekushandisa. Tekinoroji iyi inotanga kugadzirwa munzvimbo ine mhepo, uye kukosha kwekumhanya kunotarisirwa kuri kupfuura 600 km/h, izvo zvinotarisirwa kugadzira rekodhi itsva yekumhanya kwemotokari pasi munzvimbo ine mhepo.
Danho rinotevera nderekubatanidza tekinoroji yemunguva yemberi yepombi dzemagetsi kuti pave nehurongwa hwekufambisa hwakakwana hunozadza mipata iri mukufambisa kwenyika nekumhanya kwekufambisa nendege, izvo zvichaisa hwaro hwekufambira mberi kwenguva refu mukumhanya kuri pamusoro pe1000 km/awa, nokudaro zvichivaka modhi itsva yekufambisa nepasi. Shanduko dzinotarisa mberi uye dzinokanganisa mukuvandudzwa kwekufambisa nechitima.
△ Mifananidzo Yeramangwana △
Tekinoroji yeMagineti yeRevitation
Parizvino, kune matekinoroji matatu e "super magnetic levitation" pasi rose.
Tekinoroji yekufambisa magetsi muGermany:
Pfungwa yemagetsi inoshandiswa kuona kuti chitima nenjanji zviri pakati pechitima. Parizvino, chitima cheShanghai maglev, chitima chemaglev chiri kuvakwa muChangsha neBeijing zvese zviri muchitima ichi.
Tekinoroji yekutungamira magnetic superconducting muJapan ine tembiricha yakaderera:
Shandisa simba re superconducting rezvimwe zvinhu patembiricha yakaderera (yakatonhodzwa kusvika -269°C ne liquid helium) kuti chitima chienderere mberi, senge tambo yeShinkansen maglev muJapan.
Tekinoroji yekutungamira magnetic superconducting high-temperature muChina:
Nheyo yacho yakafanana neye superconductivity yekupisa kwakaderera, asi tembiricha yayo yekushanda ndeye -196°C.
Mukuyedza kwakapfuura, kukwidzwa uku kwemagineti munyika medu hakungogone kungomiswa chete asiwo kumiswa.
△ Nitrogen yemvura uye superconductors △
Mabhenefiti eHigh Temperature Superconducting Maglev Train
Kuchengetedza simba:Kufambisa nekutungamirira hazvidi simba rekutonga kana simba remotokari, uye sisitimu yacho iri nyore. Kumisa nekutungamirira zvinongoda kutonhodzwa nenitrogen yemvura yakachipa (77 K), uye 78% yemhepo initrogen.
Kudzivirirwa kwezvakatipoteredza:Kukwidzwa kwemagineti kunopisa zvakanyanya kunogona kuitwa nekukwidzwa kwesimba remagineti nenzira ye static, pasina ruzha; nzira yemagineti inogara iripo inogadzira simba remagineti risingachinji, uye simba remagineti panzvimbo panobata vafambi harisi zero, uye hapana kusvibiswa kwemagineti.
Kumhanya kwakanyanya:Kureba kwe levitation (10 ~ 30 mm) kunogona kugadzirwa sezvinodiwa, uye kunogona kushandiswa kumhanya kubva pa static kusvika pa low, medium, high speed uye ultra-high speed. Kana tichienzanisa nedzimwe magnetic levitation technologies, inonyanya kukodzera kutakurwa kwemapaipi e vacuum (anopfuura 1000 km/awa).
Kuchengetedzeka:Simba rekufambisa rinokwira zvakanyanya kana kukwirira kwekufambisa kukadzikira, uye kuchengetedzeka kwekushanda kunogona kuvimbiswa pasina kudzora divi rakamira. Sisitimu yekutungamira inozvigadzirisa inogonawo kuve nechokwadi chekuti kushanda kwakachengeteka munzira yakatwasuka.
Nyaradzo:"Simba rekupinza" rakakosha re superconductor rinopisa zvakanyanya rinochengetedza muviri wemotokari wakasimba kumusoro nekudzika, izvo zvinova kugadzikana kwakaoma kuti chero mota iwane. Zvinosangana nevafambi pavanenge vachitasva i "kunzwa kusanzwa".
Mutengo wakaderera wekushanda:Zvichienzaniswa nemota dzeGerman dzinoshandisa magineti dzinoita kuti magineti arambe achifambiswa nemhepo pamwe nemota dzeJapan dzinoshandisa magineti dzinoita kuti magineti arambe achifambiswa nemhepo dzine tembiricha yakaderera dzinoshandisa helium, ine zvakanakira zvehuremu hushoma, chimiro chiri nyore, uye mari shoma yekugadzira nekushandisa.
Kushandiswa kweNitrogen yeLiquid muSainzi neTekinoroji
Nekuda kwehunhu hwema superconductors, superconductor inofanira kunyudzwa munzvimbo ine nitrogen yemvura pa -196℃ panguva yekushanda.
Kushandiswa kwemagineti kunopfuudza kupisa kwakanyanya (high-temperature superconducting magnetic levitation) tekinoroji inoshandisa hunhu hwemagineti hwezvinhu zvakawanda zvinopfuudza kupisa kwakanyanya (high-temperature superconducting bulk materials) kuti ikwanise kupfuudza kupisa kwakasimba pasina kudzora kwakasimba.
Rori reLiquid Nitrogen Filling
Rori rekuzadza nitrogen yemvura chigadzirwa chakagadzirwa uye chakagadzirwa neSichuan Haishengjie Cryogenic Technology Co., Ltd. cheprojekiti ye high-temperature superconducting high-speed maglev. Ndiyo musimboti we maglev technology-Dewar supplement liquid nitrogen.
△ Kushandiswa Kwemota Yekuzadza Nitrogen Yemvura Mumunda △
Dhizaini yekufambisa, basa rekuzadza nitrogen yemvura rinogona kuitwa zvakananga padivi pechitima.
Sisitimu yekuzadza nitrogen yemvura inonzi semi-automatic inogona kupa nitrogen yemvura inosvika madewar matanhatu panguva imwe chete.
Sisitimu yekudzora yakazvimirira ine nzira nhanhatu, chiteshi chega chega chekuzadzazve chinogona kudzorwa chimwe nechimwe.
Dziviriro yakaderera, chengetedza mukati meDewar panguva yekuzadzazve.
Dziviriro yemagetsi ekuchengetedza e24V.
Tangi Rekugovera Rinozvidzvinyirira
Itangi rekushandisa rinozvidzvinyirirwa roga rakagadzirwa uye rakagadzirwa kuti richengetedze nitrogen yemvura. Ragara richishandiswa pakugadzira kwakachengeteka, mhando yepamusoro yekugadzira uye kuchengetedza nitrogen yemvura kwemazuva marefu.
△ Nhevedzano yeNitrogen yemvura △
△ Kushandiswa kwetangi remagetsi rinozvidzvinyirira △
Purojekiti iri kuenderera mberi
Mazuva mashoma apfuura, takashanda nenyanzvi kubva kuSouthwest Jiaotong University.
Ndakaita basa rekutsvaga rekutevera chirongwa che high-temperature superconducting high-speed maglev project
△ Nzvimbo Yemusangano △
Tine rukudzo rukuru nekukwanisa kutora chikamu mubasa iri rekutanga panguva ino. Mune ramangwana, ticharamba tichibatsirana nebasa rekutsvaga rekutevera chirongwa ichi kuti tiite zvese zvinobvira pabasa iri rekutanga.
Tinotenda
Sainzi netekinoroji yeChina zvichabudirira zvechokwadi
Remangwana reChina rakazara netariro
Nguva yekutumira: Gunyana-13-2021
